Zizindikiro Zaukadaulo Zofunika Kwambiri ndi Zofunika Kuziganizira Pogula Maloboti a Servo Okhala ndi Ma Axis Atatu

Zizindikiro Zaukadaulo Zofunika Kwambiri ndi Zofunika Kuziganizira Pogula Maloboti a Servo Okhala ndi Ma Axis Atatu

Mu funde la automation yamafakitale, maloboti a servo a axis atatu, ndi luso lawo lolondola loyika malo, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kusinthasintha, akhala chuma chamtengo wapatali m'mafakitale ambiri, kuphatikizapo kupanga zamagetsi, zida zamagalimoto, ndi zinthu zonyamula katundu. Kwa ogula ochokera kumayiko ena, omwe akukumana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pamsika, kuwunika molondola zizindikiro zazikulu zaukadaulo ndikusankha zida zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa zawo zopangira pomwe akugwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama komanso kudalirika ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza njira zopangira ndikukwaniritsa phindu la nthawi yayitali pa ndalama. Nkhaniyi ipereka kusanthula kwakuya kwa zizindikiro zazikulu zaukadaulo zama roboti a servo atatu-axis ndikugawana malingaliro othandiza ogula kuti apereke chitsogozo kwa ogula padziko lonse lapansi.

I. Zizindikiro za Magwiridwe Antchito: "Mphamvu Yolimba" Yomwe Imatsimikizira Kulondola ndi Kugwira Ntchito Bwino

Zizindikiro za magwiridwe antchito apakati ndi "moyo" wa loboti ya servo yokhala ndi ma axis atatu, yomwe imatsimikiza mwachindunji ngati ingakwaniritse zofunikira pakupanga kwakukulu monga kulondola ndi liwiro, ndipo ndiyo njira zazikulu zowunikira panthawi yogula.

(I) Kulondola ndi Kubwerezabwereza Malo

Kulondola kwa malo kumatanthauza kusiyana pakati pa ma coordinates enieni a Robot's end-effector ikafika pamalo enaake ndi ma coordinates ake a theoretical, omwe nthawi zambiri amayesedwa mu mamilimita (mm) kapena ma microns (μm). Kubwerezabwereza kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa kufalikira pamalo a end-effector pamene loboti imafika pamalo omwewo mobwerezabwereza. Ziyeso ziwirizi ndizofunikira kwambiri poyesa kulondola kwa ntchito ya loboti ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumafuna kulondola kwambiri, monga kusonkhana kwa zigawo zamagetsi ndi kuwotcherera molondola.

Kawirikawiri, ma servo robot apamwamba a three-axis amatha kubwerezabwereza kwa ±0.01mm, pomwe zinthu zodziwika bwino zamafakitale nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyambira ±0.05mm mpaka ±0.1mm. Mukamagula, ganizirani zofunikira pa ndondomeko yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo, mu ntchito zolongedza ma chip, zinthu zomwe zimabwerezabwereza kwa ≤±0.02mm zimakondedwa; muzogwiritsira ntchito zoyendetsera mabokosi wamba, kulondola kwa ±0.1mm ndikokwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zofunikira pakufotokozera. Opanga ena amatchula kulondola pansi pa "mikhalidwe yopanda katundu," koma kulondola kumatha kuchepa pansi pa katundu weniweni. Chifukwa chake, ogulitsa ayenera kupemphedwa kuti apereke deta yeniyeni yoyezedwa pansi pa katundu.

(II) Liwiro Logwira Ntchito ndi Kuthamanga

Liwiro logwira ntchito limaphatikizapo liwiro lalikulu logwira ntchito la nkhwangwa iliyonse ndi liwiro lophatikizana la end effector. Kuthamanga kumasonyeza kuthekera kwa loboti kusintha kuchoka pa kuyima kupita ku liwiro lalikulu kapena mosemphanitsa. Pamodzi, zinthu ziwirizi zimatsimikiza momwe loboti imagwirira ntchito bwino. Pazochitika zopanga zinthu zambiri, liwiro lalikulu ndi kuthamanga kumatanthauza nthawi yochepa yozungulira, zomwe zimawonjezera mwachindunji kupanga bwino kwa mzere.

Zofunikira pa liwiro la ma axes osiyanasiyana ziyenera kufananizidwa bwino kutengera njira yogwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, X-axis (yopingasa) nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito zoyendera mtunda wautali ndipo imafuna liwiro lalikulu kwambiri; Z-axis (yopingasa) nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi ntchito zosankhidwa bwino ndipo imafuna kuthamanga kokhazikika. Mukamagula, pewani kutsatira "liwiro lalikulu" mosasamala ndipo m'malo mwake fufuzani bwino momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera. Ngati liwiro ndi lalifupi, liwiro lalikulu kwambiri lingapangitse loboti kuti ifulumire komanso ichepe nthawi zambiri, zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito komanso moyo wa zida. Kuphatikiza apo, chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa ku luso la zida zowongolera kugwedezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito mwachangu. Kugwedezeka kwambiri kungakhudze kulondola kwa malo ndipo kungawonjezere kuwonongeka kwa zida zamakanika.

(III) Kulemera kwa katundu

Kulemera kwa katundu kumatanthauza kulemera kwakukulu komwe loboti imatha kunyamula, kuphatikizapo kulemera kophatikizana kwa chogwirira, chogwirira ntchito, ndi zina zolumikizira. Kusakwanira kwa katundu kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kulondola ndi liwiro, komanso kuyambitsa kulephera monga kupitirira muyeso kwa injini ndi kusintha kwa makina. Kumbali ina, mphamvu yolemera kwambiri ingayambitse kusankha zida zosafunikira, kuonjezera ndalama zogulira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

Mukamagula, ndikofunikira kuwerengera molondola katundu weniweni: choyamba dziwani kulemera kwakukulu kwa ntchitoyo, kenako sankhani chogwirira choyenera (monga chogwirira cha pneumatic, chogwirira chamagetsi, ndi zina zotero) kutengera zofunikira pantchitoyo. Werengani kulemera kwa chogwirira ndi zolumikizira (monga masensa, makapu otsukira), ndikulola malire achitetezo a 10%-20% kuti awerenge kusinthasintha kosayembekezereka kwa katundu. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kulumikizana pakati pa mphamvu yonyamula katundu ndi liwiro logwirira ntchito. Liwiro lalikulu la loboti lomwelo pansi pa katundu wosiyanasiyana limasiyana. Katundu akakula, malire apamwamba a liwiro amatsika. Ogulitsa nthawi zambiri amapereka ma curve a "load-speed", omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsimikizira ngati zidazo zitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zogwirira ntchito panthawi yogula.

II. Zizindikiro Zogwirizana: Kuonetsetsa Kuti Zipangizo Zikugwirizana Mosasokonekera ndi Zochitika Zopangira

Kugwirizana kwa loboti ya servo ya axis itatu kumakhudza mwachindunji kuthekera kwake kuphatikizana ndi mizere yopangira yomwe ilipo, kuchepetsa ndalama zoyikiramo zinthu zatsopano komanso kulola kuyambitsa kupanga mwachangu. Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kuganizira pogula.

(I) Malo Oyendera

Maulendo amatanthauza mtunda wapamwamba kwambiri womwe uli pakati pa mzere uliwonse wa Chitini cha Robot kusuntha, kutsimikiza kutalika kwa malo omwe ntchito yake ikuyendera. Kutalika kwa ulendo wa loboti ya servo ya axis zitatu nthawi zambiri kumafotokozedwa ngati mtunda wapamwamba kwambiri woyendera wa X-axis (yopingasa), Y-axis (yopingasa), ndi Z-axis (yopingasa). Pogula, kutalika kwa ulendo kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kutengera zinthu monga kapangidwe ka malo opangira, mtunda wogwirira ntchito, ndi malo oyika zida. Mwachitsanzo, pogwira ntchito pakati pa mbali ziwiri za mzere wolumikizirana, kuyenda kwa X-axis kuyenera kuphimba m'lifupi mwa mzere ndi mtunda wa mbali ya ntchito yomwe ikugwiridwa. Pakuyika ma racking ambiri, kuyenda kwa Z-axis kuyenera kukwaniritsa kutalika kwa shelufu ndi kutalika kofunikira kuti mukweze ndi kutsitsa. Kuyenda kosakwanira kumalepheretsa loboti kuphimba malo onse ogwirira ntchito; kuyenda kwambiri kumawonjezera mtengo wa zida ndi zogulira. Ndikofunikira kujambula kapangidwe katsatanetsatane ka malo ogwirira ntchito musanagule, kufotokozera momveka bwino kuyenda kocheperako komwe kumafunika pa mzere uliwonse ndikulola malire okwanira osinthira kuti agwirizane ndi kukonza bwino kwa mzere wopangira.

(II) Njira Zoyikira ndi Kukula kwa Malo

Ma servo robot okhala ndi ma axis atatu amatha kuyikidwa m'njira zitatu zazikulu: zoyima pansi, zoyima pakhoma, ndi zozungulira. Zofunikira pa malo pa kukhazikitsa kulikonse zimasiyana kwambiri. Kukhazikitsa pansi kumafuna malo apansi koma kumapereka mphamvu yayikulu yonyamula katundu. Kukhazikitsa koyima pakhoma ndi zozungulira kumasunga malo apansi ndipo ndikoyenera malo ogwirira ntchito ang'onoang'ono, koma kumafuna mphamvu yayikulu yonyamula katundu pakhoma kapena padenga. Mukagula, ndikofunikira choyamba kufotokozera zoletsa za malo oyika: izi zikuphatikizapo mphamvu yonyamula katundu ya pansi/khoma/denga, kutalika, m'lifupi, ndi kutalika kwa malo oyika, ndi kapangidwe ka zida zozungulira (monga zida zamakina ndi zonyamulira). Komanso, samalani ndi miyeso ya loboti, makamaka mukamagwira ntchito m'malo opapatiza. Izi zikuphatikizapo radius yozungulira ya loboti ndi malo apamwamba kwambiri omwe amakhala ndi mzere uliwonse potambasula ndi kubweza. Onetsetsani kuti zidazo sizigundana ndi zinthu zozungulira panthawi yogwira ntchito. Ndikofunikira kupempha chitsanzo cha 3D kapena zojambula zatsatanetsatane za zidazo kuchokera kwa wogulitsa, ndikuchita kutsimikizira kapangidwe koyerekeza kutengera malo opangira.

(III) Chiyankhulo Chothandiza Pomaliza

Chogwirira ntchito (gripper, suction cup, ndi zina zotero) ndi gawo la loboti lomwe limalumikizana mwachindunji ndi workpiece. Kusinthasintha ndi kugwirizana kwa connection yake kumatsimikizira ngati zidazo zingathe kulandira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya end-effectors ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya connection imaphatikizapo ma standard flanges, pneumatic interfaces, ndi electric interfaces. Ma standard flanges (monga ma ISO standard flanges) ndi omwe amasankhidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwawo. Mukamagula, tsimikizirani zomwe zili mu interface, monga diameter ya flange, malo okwerera dzenje, ndi kukula kwa pini, kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikugwirizana ndi ma end effectors omwe alipo kapena omwe akukonzekera. Ngati kusintha kwa end effector pafupipafupi kukufunika panthawi yopanga (monga, pokonza ma workpieces amitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi), kuthekera kwa interface kusintha mitundu mwachangu ndikofunikiranso. Zipangizo zina zapamwamba zimakhala ndi makina osinthira zida zokha, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi yosinthira. Kuphatikiza apo, ganizirani mphamvu yonyamula katundu ya interface kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikhoza kuthandizira kulemera kophatikizana kwa end effector ndi workpiece.

III. Kudalirika ndi Kukhazikika: "Mwala wa Pangodya" wa Kugwira Ntchito Kosalekeza kwa Nthawi Yaitali

Kupanga mafakitale kumafuna zida zambiri kuti zigwire ntchito mosalekeza. Kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa loboti ya servo ya axis zitatu kumakhudza mwachindunji nthawi yogwira ntchito kwa mzere wopanga komanso ndalama zokonzera, ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri podziwa momwe zidazo zimagwirira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali.

(I) Kakonzedwe ka Servo System

Dongosolo la servo ndi "mphamvu yaikulu" ya loboti ya servo yokhala ndi ma axis atatu, yokhala ndi servo motor, servo drive, ndi encoder. Kagwiridwe kake kamatsimikizira mwachindunji kulondola kwa ntchito ya loboti, liwiro, ndi kukhazikika. Mukamagula, yang'anani mphamvu ndi mphamvu ya servo motor, liwiro la yankho la servo drive ndi kukana kusokoneza, komanso kutsimikizika kwa encoder (komwe kumatsimikiza kulondola kwa malo). Mitundu yayikulu ya ma servo motor monga Panasonic, Mitsubishi, ndi Siemens imapereka chitsimikizo chachikulu cha kukhazikika ndi kulimba. Kutsimikizika kwa encoder nthawi zambiri kumawonetsedwa m'mizere; kuchuluka kwa mizere kukakhala kwakukulu, malo ake amakhala olondola kwambiri. Maloboti a Mafakitale Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma encoder okhala ndi mizere 1000 kapena kupitirira apo, pomwe mapulogalamu olondola kwambiri amafuna ma encoder okhala ndi mizere 2000 kapena kupitirira apo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira ngati dongosolo la servo lili ndi zinthu zoteteza kupitirira muyeso, kupitirira muyeso, komanso kutentha kwambiri, chifukwa izi zitha kuchepetsa bwino chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa zida.

(II) Kapangidwe ka Makina ndi Zipangizo

Kapangidwe ka kapangidwe ka makina ndi kusankha zipangizo kumakhudza kulimba, kukana kuwonongeka, ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito ya loboti. loboti ya servo yokhala ndi ma axis atatu Makamaka muli zinthu monga malangizo olunjika, zomangira za mpira, ndi mabulaketi. Malangizo olunjika ndi zomangira za mpira ndi zinthu zoyambira kutumiza, ndipo kulondola kwawo ndi kukana kuvala kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kulondola kwa ntchito ya loboti ndi moyo wautumiki. Mukamagula, samalani mtundu wa malangizo olunjika (monga malangizo a mpira kapena malangizo ozungulira, omwe amapereka mphamvu yayikulu yonyamula katundu) ndi kalasi yake yolondola; lead ya screw ya mpira (yomwe imakhudza liwiro logwirira ntchito), kalasi yake yolondola, komanso ngati ili ndi njira yotumizira katundu (yomwe imachotsa kugwedezeka kwa kumbuyo ndikuwongolera kulimba). Ponena za zipangizo, zinthu zonyamula katundu monga mabulaketi ziyenera kupangidwa ndi aluminiyamu kapena chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri, chokhala ndi mankhwala apamwamba monga anodizing ndi quenching kuti chiwonjezere dzimbiri ndi kukana kuvala. Komanso, yang'anani kulondola kwa kuphatikiza kwa zigawo zamakina, monga kufanana ndi kukhazikika kwa nkhwangwa. Kulondola kosakwanira kwa kuphatikiza kungayambitse kuchedwa kwa ntchito, kuchepa kwa kulondola, komanso kuwonongeka kwa zigawo.

(III) Nthawi Yapakati Pakati pa Kulephera (MTBF) ndi Kusavuta Kusamalira

Nthawi Yapakati Pakati pa Kulephera (MTBF) ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha kuchuluka kwa kudalirika kwa zida, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa m'maola. Mtengo wapamwamba umasonyeza mwayi wochepa wolephera. Ma robot akuluakulu a servo a axis atatu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi MTBF ya maola opitilira 10,000, ndipo zinthu zapamwamba zimafika maola opitilira 20,000. Mukamagula, pemphani lipoti la MTBF kuchokera ku bungwe loyesa lachitatu kuti mupewe kudalira deta yotsatsa ya wopanga.

Kusavuta kukonza n'kofunika kwambiri, komwe kumakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito komanso mtengo wokonza pambuyo poti zida zalephera kugwira ntchito. Mukamagula, ganizirani kapangidwe ka kukonza zida: ngati zinthu zofunika kwambiri (monga malangizo ndi zomangira za lead) zimapakidwa mafuta ndi kutsukidwa mosavuta, ngati pali njira yodziwira vuto (kuti mupeze mwachangu malo olakwika), ngati zida zosweka (monga zomatira ndi mabearing) zitha kusinthidwa mosavuta, komanso ngati wogulitsayo akupereka zida zokwanira zosungira. Kuphatikiza apo, mvetsetsani zofunikira pakukonza zida tsiku ndi tsiku (monga nthawi yopaka mafuta ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa) ndikuwunika ngati ntchito yokonza ikugwirizana ndi zomwe mungakwanitse kuchita.

IV. Zizindikiro za Luntha ndi Kukula: "Kuthekera" Kosinthira Kukonzanso Kupanga Kwamtsogolo

Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa Industry 4.0, nzeru ndi kukula kwa zipangizo zakhala zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za mpikisano wa zida. Mukamagula, ganizirani zosowa zaposachedwa komanso zomwe zingakukwezeretseni mtsogolo kuti mupewe kutha ntchito mwachangu.

(I) Njira Yowongolera ndi Kukonza Mapulogalamu

Dongosolo lowongolera ndi "ubongo" wa loboti, lomwe limazindikira mosavuta kugwira ntchito kwake komanso momwe ntchito yake ingakulire. Machitidwe owongolera akuluakulu amagwiritsa ntchito ma PLC kapena owongolera mayendedwe odzipereka, othandizira kuwongolera kulumikizana kwa ma axis ambiri komanso kukonzekera njira zovuta (monga kuyenda kolunjika, kozungulira, ndi kolunjika). Mukamagula, ganizirani ngati mawonekedwe a makina owongolera ndi osavuta kumva, ngati amathandizira zilankhulo zingapo (makamaka kwa ogula apadziko lonse lapansi, mawonekedwe a Chingerezi ndi ofunikira), komanso ngati ali ndi kuthekera kosungira deta ndi kutumiza kunja (kuti athandize kutsata deta).

Njira zopangira mapulogalamu zimaphatikizapo mapulogalamu ophunzitsira mkati ndi kunja kwa intaneti. Mapulogalamu ophunzitsira mkati ndi oyenera njira zosavuta zogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo sizifuna chidziwitso chapadera cha mapulogalamu. Mapulogalamu ophunzitsira kunja kwa intaneti ndi oyenera kukonzekera njira zovuta, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mapulogalamu amalizidwe pa kompyuta ndikulowetsedwa muzipangizo popanda kusokoneza ntchito zopangira. Ngati kupanga kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zovuta zogwirira ntchito, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha njira yowongolera yomwe imathandizira mapulogalamu osakhala kunja kwa intaneti. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira ngati njira yowongolera imathandizira chitukuko chachiwiri kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zosinthira magwiridwe antchito.

(II) Ma Interfaces Olumikizirana ndi Kutha Kulumikizana ndi Deta

Mu mizere yopangira yanzeru, maloboti ayenera kusinthana deta ndikugwirizana ndi ma PLC, machitidwe a MES, ndi zida zina zodziyimira pawokha. Chifukwa chake, kulemera ndi kuyanjana kwa ma interface olumikizirana ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ma interface olumikizirana wamba amaphatikizapo Ethernet (ma protocol a Ethernet a mafakitale monga EtherNet/IP ndi Profinet), RS485, ndi ma interface a I/O. Mukagula, tsimikizirani ngati mawonekedwe olumikizirana a chipangizocho akugwirizana ndi makina owongolera omwe alipo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mzere wopangira umagwiritsa ntchito Siemens PLC, onetsetsani kuti lobotiyo ikuthandizira protocol ya Profinet. Komanso, samalani ndi nthawi yeniyeni komanso kukhazikika kwa kusinthana kwa deta. Kusagwira ntchito bwino nthawi yeniyeni kungayambitse kuchedwa mu mgwirizano wa zida, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito opanga. Kwa makampani omwe akukonzekera kupanga intaneti ya mafakitale, ndikofunikiranso kutsimikizira ngati zidazo zikuthandizira zinthu monga OTA (zosintha pamlengalenga) ndi kuyang'anira kutali, zomwe zimathandiza kugwira ntchito, kukonza, ndi kuyang'anira kutali.

(III) Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito

Zosowa zopangira zimatha kusinthasintha malinga ndi momwe msika ukugwirira ntchito, ndipo kukula kwa ntchito ya loboti kumatsimikiza kusinthasintha kwake kuti igwirizane ndi zosintha zamtsogolo zopangira. Mukamagula, ganizirani ngati zidazo zikuthandizira kuwongolera kowonjezera kwa axis (mwachitsanzo, ngati zikufunika kukulitsidwa kukhala loboti ya axis inayi kapena isanu), ngati zingasinthidwe kuti zigwirizane ndi machitidwe owonera (kuti zidziwike bwino ntchito ndi malo ogwirira ntchito), ndi machitidwe okakamiza mayankho (kuti zigwirizane ndi ntchito zolondola).

Komanso, tsimikizirani ngati mphamvu ya katundu ndi kuchuluka kwa maulendo a chipangizocho zimalola kukweza. Mwachitsanzo, ngati bulaketi ikhoza kukulitsidwa ndi kukulitsidwa, komanso ngati makina a servo angasinthidwe kuti agwirizane ndi katundu wokulirapo kudzera mu kukweza kwa magawo. Zipangizo zomwe zimatha kukulitsidwa bwino zimatha kuchepetsa bwino ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokweza mzere wopangira ndikuwonjezera moyo wa chipangizocho.

VI. Mfundo Zofunika Kuganizira Zogula Zinthu: Njira Yopangira Zisankho Zonse Kuyambira Zofunikira Mpaka Kukhazikitsa

Cholinga chachikulu chotanthauzira zizindikiro zaukadaulo ndikuthandiza kusankha zinthu. Mogwirizana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, njira yogulira iyenera kutsatira mfundo yonse ya "kufotokozera zofunikira - kuyerekeza ndi kusankha - kutsimikizira ndi kutsimikizira - kuwunika kwathunthu" kuti zitsimikizire kugula zida zoyenera.

(I) Fotokozani Zosowa Zanu Molondola

Musanalankhule ndi ogulitsa, choyamba muyenera kufotokoza zofunikira zanu zazikulu: kuphatikizapo momwe zinthu zilili (kugwirira ntchito, kusonkhanitsa, kuwotcherera, ndi zina zotero), magawo a ntchito (kulemera, kukula, zipangizo), zofunikira zolondola (kulondola kwa malo, kubwerezabwereza), zolinga zogwira ntchito bwino (nthawi yozungulira), zoletsa malo oyika, ndi njira zolumikizirana za mizere yopangira yomwe ilipo. Yerekezerani zofunikira zanu m'magawo enaake ndipo pewani mawu osamveka bwino (monga "kulondola kwambiri" kapena "liwiro lachangu") kuti muwonetsetse kuti zinthu zikugwirizana molondola ndikuthandizira kuwunika kofananira pambuyo pake.

(II) Kuyerekeza kwa Ogwirizana Ambiri ndi Kutsimikizira Pamalo

Sankhani ogulitsa awiri kapena atatu oyenerera (izi zitha kupezeka kudzera mu ziwonetsero zamakampani, nsanja za B2B zamalonda zakunja, malingaliro a anzawo, ndi njira zina). Pemphani tsatanetsatane wazinthu, mayankho aukadaulo, ndi ntchito zoyesera zitsanzo. Yang'anani kwambiri poyerekeza zizindikiro zazikulu za magwiridwe antchito, makina a servo ndi kapangidwe ka makina, ndi ziwerengero zodalirika monga MTBF. Komanso samalani ndi zomwe wogulitsayo adakumana nazo mumakampani (monga, maphunziro opambana m'mafakitale ofanana) ndi kuthekera kwa ntchito pambuyo pogulitsa (monga, malo ogwirira ntchito pamsika womwe mukufuna, nthawi yoyankha, nthawi ya chitsimikizo, ndi zina zotero).

Ngati zinthu zilola, onetsetsani kuti mwachita mayeso a prototype pamalopo: kutsanzira zochitika zenizeni zopanga, kuyesa kulondola kwa malo a loboti, liwiro logwirira ntchito, ndi mphamvu ya katundu, kuwona kukhazikika ndi kugwedezeka kwa chipangizocho pambuyo pa ntchito yayitali, ndikutsimikizira kuti makina owongolera akugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta. Pakugula malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, onetsetsaninso ngati zidazo zikukwaniritsa miyezo yamakampani yomwe msika ukufuna (monga,

Zikalata za CE ndi UL) kuti tipewe mavuto omwe angakhudze kuchotsedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa katundu ndi katundu wa pa kasitomu.

(III) Kuyang'ana kwambiri pa mtengo wa moyo

Ndalama zogulira sizimangophatikizapo mtengo wogulira zida zokha, komanso ndalama zonse zogulira, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa ndi kuyika, zida zosinthira, kukonza, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, zida zina zitha kukhala ndi mtengo wotsika wogulira koma zimagwiritsa ntchito zida zosakhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zosinthira zikhale zovuta komanso zodula kupeza. Zipangizo zina, ngakhale zili zodula kwambiri, zitha kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azisungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kukonza kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo zida zosinthira zimapezeka mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zosinthira zikhale zochepa.

Poyesa ndalama, ndikofunikira kuwerengera ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka kutengera nthawi yomwe chipangizocho chikuyembekezeka kukhala ndi moyo (nthawi zambiri zaka 5-10). Mtengo wotsala wa chipangizocho (monga, ngati chingagulitsidwenso kapena kusinthidwa mutapuma pantchito) uyeneranso kuganiziridwa kuti upeze kuwunika kwathunthu kwa momwe ndalama zimagwiritsidwira ntchito.

(IV) Tsindikani Utumiki Pambuyo pa Kugulitsa ndi Thandizo la Ukadaulo

Ma dispenser a servo a axis atatu Ndi zida zodziwikiratu zokha, zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chaukadaulo pambuyo pa malonda kuti zikhazikitsidwe, kuyikidwa, kukonza, kukonza, ndi kukonzanso ukadaulo. Mukamagula, ndikofunikira kufotokozera bwino zomwe wogulitsa amapereka pambuyo pa malonda: ngati kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa kwaulere kumaperekedwa, ngati maphunziro a ogwiritsa ntchito aperekedwa, nthawi ya chitsimikizo (zigawo zazikulu monga ma servo motors nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chitsimikizo cha chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri, pomwe gawo lonselo lili ndi chitsimikizo cha miyezi 6 mpaka chaka chimodzi), nthawi yoyankhira cholakwika (imafuna yankho mkati mwa maola 24 ndi ntchito pamalopo mkati mwa maola 48), komanso ngati upangiri waukadaulo wa nthawi yayitali umaperekedwa.

Pazinthu zogula malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, ndikofunikiranso kutsimikizira ngati wogulitsayo akupereka chithandizo cha pambuyo pa malonda kapena ali ndi mgwirizano ndi opereka chithandizo am'deralo pamsika womwe akufuna kuti apewe kulephera kwa zida zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa nthawi yayitali kwa ntchito yopangira chifukwa chokonza nthawi yake.

Mapeto

Kugula loboti ya servo yokhala ndi ma axis atatu ndi ntchito yokhazikika yokhudza ukadaulo, mtengo, ndi ntchito. Chofunika kwambiri ndikugwirizana bwino ndi zosowa zanu zopangira ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo wa chipangizocho. Kuyambira "mphamvu yolimba" ya magwiridwe antchito apakati mpaka "kugwirizana" kwa kusinthasintha, mpaka "kukhazikika" kwa kudalirika ndi "kuthekera" kwa kufalikira, chizindikiro chilichonse ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwenikweni kwa chipangizocho komanso kufunika kwake kwa nthawi yayitali.