Gawo Lozama la Makampani 4.0: Kuneneratu Kwapadera kwa Zochitika za Ma Robot a Servo Atatu-Axis M'zaka Zisanu Zikubwerazi

Gawo Lozama la Makampani 4.0: Kuneneratu Kwapadera kwa Zochitika za Ma Robot a Servo Atatu-Axis M'zaka Zisanu Zikubwerazi

Popeza kuti makampani opanga zinthu padziko lonse lapansi akulowa mwanzeru pa 35% ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafakitale anzeru m'chigawo cha Yangtze River Delta ku China kukupitirira 37%, makampani opanga zinthu akudutsa kwambiri kuchoka pa "zilumba zodzipangira zokha" kupita ku "nzeru zapadziko lonse lapansi." Munjira imeneyi, maloboti a servo a axis atatu, monga njira yaikulu yogwiritsira ntchito makina osinthasintha, akusintha kuchoka pa zida zachikhalidwe zomwe zimalowa m'malo mwa ntchito yobwerezabwereza kupita ku mfundo zanzeru zomwe zimalumikiza mapasa a digito ndi dziko lapansi. Kutengera ndi deta yaposachedwa yamakampani ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, nkhaniyi ikuwunika njira yopititsira patsogolo ma robot a servo atatu-axis m'zaka zisanu zikubwerazi kuchokera ku malingaliro atatu: kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, kukonzanso msika, ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe, kupereka chitsogozo chopanga zisankho pakusintha kwanzeru kwa makampani opanga zinthu.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Ukadaulo: Kudumpha Kuchokera ku Kuchita Moyenera Kupita ku Luntha Lozindikira

Kusintha kwa ukadaulo kwa ma servo robot okhala ndi ma axis atatu kumayendetsedwa ndi njira yolumikizirana iwiri ya "kupambana kolondola + kulowa mwanzeru." Pofika mu 2023, kulondola kwa machitidwe a servo am'nyumba kunakwera kufika pa ± 0.02 mm, ndipo kubwerezabwereza kunachepetsedwa kufika pa ± 0.05 mm. Zizindikiro izi zafika pamiyezo yapamwamba yapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zikupereka maziko opangira molondola. Chodziwika kwambiri, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mozama ukadaulo wa makompyuta a 5G ndi AI, zida zikufulumizitsa kusintha kwake kupita ku dongosolo lotsekedwa la "kuzindikira-kusankha-kuchita". Akuyembekezeka kuti pofika mu 2025, kuchuluka kwa mitundu yokhala ndi luso lozindikira mawonekedwe a AI kudzapitirira 50%, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ambiri mwa atatuwaMaloboti Ozungulira adzakhala ndi luso lodzizindikira lokha komanso losintha zinthu.

Kugwirizana ndi kuphatikizana kwa anthu ndi makina kwakhala madera ofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwaukadaulo. Pofika chaka cha 2023, ma robot ogwirizana a three-axis adakwaniritsa 29% ya njira zolumikizira molondola mumakampani a 3C, ndipo chiwerengerochi chikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka kufika pa 35% pofika chaka cha 2025. Kukula kumeneku sikungowonetsedwa kokha muukadaulo wowongolera mphamvu - Chitini cha Robot Sinthani mphamvu yake nthawi yomweyo ikakhudzana ndi chogwirira ntchito—komanso m'njira zatsopano zotetezera. Kudzera mu kuphatikiza ma radar a mamilimita-wave ndi masensa owonera, kuyang'anira mtunda wotetezeka pakati pa anthu ndi makina kumachitika. Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi wopanga mgwirizano wa zamagetsi akuwonetsa kuti kuyambitsa ma robot ogwirizana a axis atatu kunawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira kuchokera pa 65% mpaka 89%, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuvulala ndi 72%.

Kukula kwa kapangidwe ka modular ndiko kusintha mitundu yogwiritsira ntchito zida. Zinthu zomwe zilipo masiku ano zimagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe ofanana a mawonekedwe, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndi 40%. Nthawi yobwezera zida imodzi yamakampani ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati opangira zamagetsi yachepetsedwa kufika pa miyezi yosakwana 18. Mtundu uwu wa plug-and-play, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a mapulogalamu ojambula, zimathandiza ngakhale mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati omwe alibe akatswiri opanga ma robotic kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kumeneku kumayendetsedwa ndi kukhwima kwa unyolo wopereka. Pofika mu 2023, makampani am'nyumba anali atapeza chiŵerengero cha 65% cha malo ogwiritsira ntchito zida zofunika. Ngakhale kuti chiŵerengero cha malo ogwiritsira ntchito zida zazikulu monga zochepetsera ma RV chikupitirirabe pa 28% yokha, vuto ili likugonjetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kudzera mu kafukufuku wogwirizana pakati pa mafakitale, maphunziro apamwamba, ndi kafukufuku.

Kukonzanso Msika: Mwayi Wopangidwa ndi Ndondomeko ndi Kufunika

Loboti ya servo ya ku China yokhala ndi ma axis atatu Msika uli pafupi kukula kwambiri, kufika pa 4.5 biliyoni yuan mu 2023, ndi kukula kwa pachaka kwa 12%-15%. Kukula kumeneku sikugawidwa mofanana, koma kukuwonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu kwa makampani ndi kusintha kwa madera. Gawo latsopano la magalimoto amphamvu lidachita bwino kwambiri, zomwe zidathandizira 32% ya kukula kwa msika mu 2023. Milandu yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'zochitika monga kusonkhana kwa ma module a batri yamagetsi ndi kuyesa ma module a IGBT yawona kuwonjezeka kwa 54% chaka ndi chaka, kuwonetsa kufunikira kwachangu kwa zida zodziyimira pawokha popanga zinthu zapamwamba.

Kupitiliza kutulutsidwa kwa magawo abwino a ndondomeko kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukulitsa msika. Ndondomeko Yogwiritsira Ntchito ya "Robot+", yoperekedwa pamodzi ndi Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso ndi madipatimenti ena 17, ikunena momveka bwino kuti pofika chaka cha 2025, kuchuluka kwa maloboti m'makampani opanga zinthu kudzawirikiza kawiri poyerekeza ndi milingo ya 2020, ndipo zochitika zopitilira 200 zogwiritsira ntchito maloboti zidzakwezedwa. Pamlingo wakomweko, Jiangsu ndi Guangdong, makampani awiri akuluakulu opanga zinthu, ayika ndalama zoposa 2 biliyoni yuan m'mabanki apadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma robot okhala ndi magawo atatu azilowa pakati pa mabizinesi opanga zinthu ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati azigwiritsa ntchito kuyambira 17% mu 2021 mpaka 28% mu 2023. Zolimbikitsira misonkho zakhala zikugwira ntchito bwino, ndipo kuchotsera kwina kwa ndalama zofufuzira ndi chitukuko kwawonjezeka kuchoka pa 75% mpaka 100%, zomwe zapangitsa kuti kugula maloboti kukwere ndi 12 peresenti mu 2023.

Mpikisano wamsika ukusintha kwambiri. Makampani am'deralo Estun ndi Efort ali ndi gawo la msika la 42%. Njira zawo zotsika mtengo zachepetsa mtengo wapakati wa makampani apadziko lonse lapansi ndi 15%-18%, zomwe zathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wodziyimira pawokha. Mpikisanowu wapangitsa kuti mitengo ikhale yosiyana: Mitengo yazinthu zokhazikika yatsika ndi 7% pachaka, pomwe mtengo wapamwamba wa mitundu yanzeru yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika ukupitilira kukula, ndipo gawo lawo pamsika likukwera kuchokera pa 18% mu 2019 kufika pa 34% mu 2023. Kutumiza kunja kwakhala chinthu chatsopano chomwe chikuyambitsa kukula, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kutumiza kunja kukuyembekezeredwa kuwonjezeka ndi 37% chaka ndi chaka mu 2023. Kufunikira kuchokera kumayiko omwe ali m'gulu la Belt and Road Initiative kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, ndipo gawo la kutumiza kunja likuyembekezeredwa kuwonjezeka kuchokera pa 18% mpaka 25% mu 2025.

Kusintha kwa Zachilengedwe: Kuchokera kwa Wopereka Zipangizo mpaka Wogwirizana ndi Mafakitale Anzeru

Ma robot a servo okhala ndi ma axis atatu akusintha kuchoka pa zida zodziyimira pawokha kupita ku ma node ofunikira m'mafakitale a digito, zomwe zikuyendetsa kukonzanso kwa unyolo wamtengo wapatali wopanga. Kusinthaku kukuwonekera m'mbali zitatu: Ponena za deta, kulowa kwa IIoT mumakampani opanga zamagetsi kudafika pa 55% pofika chaka cha 2024. Ma robot amagwiritsa ntchito masensa omangidwa mkati kuti asonkhanitse deta yeniyeni monga kutentha, kugwedezeka, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kuthandizira kukonza kolosera. Ponena za njira, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa mapasa a digito kwachepetsa nthawi yogwirira ntchito ndi 60%. Wopanga zida zamagalimoto, kudzera mu kuyerekezera mapasa a digito, adachepetsa nthawi yake yatsopano yoyambira malonda kuchokera pa masabata 12 kufika pa masabata 5. Ponena za zachilengedwe, opanga zida akuyamba kupereka mayankho athunthu a "hardware + software + services", zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phindu likhale lalikulu nthawi 2-3 kuposa kugulitsa zida.

Kukula kwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana kukuphwanya malire a makampani achikhalidwe. Mu gawo la zida zamankhwala, kugula maloboti othandizira opaleshoni kwawonjezeka ndi 315% chaka ndi chaka mu 2023, zomwe zikuwonetsa ubwino wawo wapadera pakugwira ntchito molondola. Mu makampani opanga chakudya, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amalowa m'malo mwawo kukuchulukirachulukira. maloboti okhala ndi axis zitatu Ndi mapangidwe oletsa kuipitsidwa kwawonjezeka kuchoka pa 19% mu 2021 kufika pa 34% mu 2023. Ngakhale mu ulimi, maloboti okhala ndi masomphenya a AI athandiza kusonkhanitsa ndi kugawa bwino zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Kumbuyo kwa kulowa kwa mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuli luso logwirizanitsa kufalikira kwa nsanja zazikulu zaukadaulo ndi luso la mayankho amakampani.

M'zaka zisanu zikubwerazi, makampaniwa adzakumana ndi mavuto awiri okhudza kukhazikika ndi kusintha makina awo. Kumbali imodzi, lamulo latsopano la EU la Machinery Directive likupereka zofunikira zatsopano 118 zachitetezo, ndipo ndalama zotsimikizira makampani otumiza kunja zikuyembekezeka kukwera ndi 23%. Kumbali inayi, chizolowezi chopanga zinthu zazing'ono komanso zamitundu yambiri chikufuna kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa zida. Chinsinsi chothana ndi mavutowa chili pakumanga nsanja yaukadaulo wa modular—kutsimikizira kudalirika ndi ubwino wa mtengo kudzera mu ma modules okhazikika, pomwe akukumana ndi zosowa zinazake zamakampani kudzera mu ma end effectors osinthika ndi mapulogalamu osinthidwa. Mtundu uwu watsimikiziridwa ndi makampani otsogola. Wopanga m'modzi, kudzera mu kapangidwe ka modular, adakulitsa mzere wake wazinthu kuchokera pa 12 mpaka 28, pomwe nthawi yomweyo akufupikitsa nthawi yake ya R&D ndi 40%.

Kutsiliza: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwayi Wanzeru Wopanga Zinthu Zopepuka Komanso Zanzeru

Pa nthawi yakale iyi yakukula kwa Industry 4.0, kufunika kwa maloboti a servo okhala ndi ma axis atatu kwadutsa gawo la zida zosavuta zogwirira ntchito, kukhala chuma "choyambira" chaukadaulo chosinthira digito ya makampani opanga zinthu. Kwa mabizinesi akuluakulu, ndi gawo lokhazikika lomanga mafakitale anzeru; kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ndi njira yopepuka yochepetsera kusiyana kwa automation; ndipo kwa opanga zida, ndi njira yosinthira kuchoka pa kugulitsa zinthu kupita ku mphamvu zotulutsa.

M'zaka zisanu zikubwerazi, chinsinsi cha kupambana sichili kokha pa liwiro la luso lamakono komanso kumvetsetsa bwino zosowa za makampani. Makampani omwe angathe kusintha kulondola kwa servo kukhala khalidwe la malonda, kusonkhanitsa deta kukhala chidziwitso chopanga zisankho, ndi phindu la mfundo kukhala zabwino pamsika adzagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi popanga zinthu mwanzeru. Popeza kuchuluka kwa mafakitale anzeru ku Yangtze River Delta kufika pa 79% ya milingo yapamwamba padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe madera apakati ndi akumadzulo akadali ndi malo okwana 45% okukula, kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa msika ndi kusintha kwaukadaulo kwa mibadwo kukupereka mwayi wakale kwa makampani okonzekera.

Ndi kupanga Makampani omwe akukumana ndi mavuto awiri chifukwa cha kukwera kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito (zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka ndi 46% mu 2023 poyerekeza ndi 2018) komanso kukulitsa mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi, maloboti atatu a servo salinso njira ina koma chofunikira kuti munthu apulumuke komanso apite patsogolo. Njira yaukadaulo yosankhidwa, misika yolunjika, ndi zachilengedwe zomwe zapangidwa zidzasankha malo abwino kwambiri a kampaniyi pantchito yopanga zinthu mwanzeru.